№ 035 / Shanhaijing · Classic of the Western Mountains

Huan

讙

One-eyed Beast of a Hundred Voices

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THE STORY & ITS AFTERLIVES

Mount Yiwang, last peak of the third western guideway, 'bears no plants, but much gold and jade'. Its beast is the Huan: 'shaped like a wildcat, with one eye and three tails, its voice as if seizing a hundred voices' — a cry in which a hundred animal calls seem to sound at once, or, on another reading, a voice that drowns out a hundred others. The text then gives its uses: kept, it wards off evil; worn on the body, it cures jaundice.

Warding off evil is a stock virtue among the western beasts — the Tiangou and the Qitu of the same classic share it — but the Huan adds a medical power, and carries three marvels in one small body: the single eye, the triple tail, the hundred voices. Ming and Qing illustrators found it irresistible, usually drawing a cat-like creature with three erect tails and one eye set in the middle of its forehead. It shares Mount Yiwang with the Qitu, a three-headed, six-tailed bird that loves to laugh; between them, the final mountain of the guideway houses two of the strangest small creatures in the entire book.

AT A GLANCE

Form
A wildcat with one eye and three tails
Cry
As if a hundred voices sounded at once
Virtue
Wards off evil; worn, it cures jaundice

Warding off Evil / Single Eye / Healing / Mount Yiwang

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SOURCES

  1. Shanhaijing, 'Classic of the Western Mountains'

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